Organizational Culture Model Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hierarchical Culture Model - Assignment Example Because of the organization has set out their model so that they can acknowledge change to happen. They manage the market impact brought about by contenders to guarantee their prevalence in the market. They produce approaches to enter the market and guarantee they remain in the market unequivocally and for more. Second, the client is exceptionally regarded by the organization. Grumblings from them managed the client support and reaction given quickly in order to keep up the client trust in the market. The organization permits the staff to communicate with the client this guarantees they can survey the advancement and the client reaction. The supervisory crew at that point plans answer for manage the protests. Third, the organization has an approach that empowers cooperation. They make a domain that permits each representative to regard one another and manage struggle such that nobody is scaring the other party. The arrangement permits individuals to blend openly with the other their follow no matter how you look at it the organization strategy of cooperation as caused them to have the option to make determined structures since they can meet an understanding because of the fellowship. The organization has a lot of decides that oversee the staff. The guidelines are to be obeyed and tailed them. Inability to tail it for the most part makes one be rebuffed. The picture of the organization is all around ensured in that this ethic of direct was drafted to keep the working environment an expert region. All workers can understand them and comply with them. Finally, the organization has put resources into the strengthening of its own staff. They remember them for configuration making. They have made a culture in which the staff feel an integral part of the organization. This permits the administration to believe most data to be all members’ data. They are feed with very enumerating concerning the company.â

International Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Universal Business Management - Essay Example 182). Simultaneously, it is additionally fascinating to see that the worldwide ICT organize doesn't share numerous regular highlights however has unmistakable highlights (Shin and Park, 2007, p. 263). Because of the interesting attributes of high advances and specific qualities of ICT division, improvement in this segment has gotten convoluted (Chlivickas et al., 2009, p.324). In the accompanying pieces of this paper, the Internet history has been consolidated. The historical backdrop of the Internet portrays the job of the United States and its foes in the pre and post Cold War period circumstances. Ensuing to that, the meaning of the Internet has been given. It is trailed by the data correspondence innovation fragment, in which the idea of data correspondence innovation has been talked about. In any case, before the depiction of a portion of the significant angles identifying with the idea, the essential and far reaching meaning of data correspondence innovation has been given. Thi s definition incorporates the immaterial parts of ICT as well as the unmistakable ones. Prior to the synopsis part, worldwide patterns and the impacts of the Internet on the ICT have been incorporated. History of the Internet The web has kept on developing, addressing the requirements of a wide range of clients (Kozierok, 2005, p.122). â€Å"The Internet’s roots can be followed back to 1957 when the United States framed the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) inside the Department of Defence† (Gallo and Hancock, 2002, p.56). The development of ARPA was chiefly brought about by the US reaction to the previous Soviet Union’s dispatch of Sputnik, which was a one of a kind advancement of counterfeit earth satellite. As the threatening vibe proceeded between the two nations, the ARPA’s extreme target was to counter the measures taken by the previous Soviet Union. So as to accomplish this goal, ARPA’s mission was to put forth attempts and set up the United States as the world’s driving nation in military and protection relevant science and innovation applications (Gallo and Hancock, 202, p.56). Ensuing to that, the foundation of DARPA empowered the group of the ARPA to create and run internetwork named ARPANET, the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, in the time of 1969. Initially, the ARPANET was worked to serve resistance and military targets, however with the progression of time it experienced various changes and alterations that expanded its utilization among others. The conventional advancement and improvement of an exhaustive arrangement of internetworking conventions began in 1973 (Kozierok, 2005, p.122). In the underlying period of this innovation, just a single convention was utilized for the reason for internetworking. In any case, with the progression of time upgrades were presented in the internetworking conventions and better forms of this innovation started to show their significance for the present and potential clients. Meaning of the Internet It is difficult to give an exact and precise definition expounding all uses and attributes of the Internet. Be that as it may, Schneider et al. (2009) quote the definition gave by the Federal Networking Council (FNC), which expresses that â€Å"Internet† is â€Å"the worldwide data framework that: (I) Is coherently connected together by an all around special location space dependent on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its resulting expansions; (ii) Is ready to help interchanges utilizing the Transmission

The Big Day! - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

The Big Day! - UGA Undergraduate Admissions The Big Day! Later today, we will be opening up the status check so that all final decisions, and I will give you a heads up when it goes live. Before it happens, though, I wanted to let all the followers of this blog know that I appreciate all of the kind words you have written, and I hope that I have answered most of your questions clearly and to the point. I have been in admissions for almost 18 years, but this is my first year writing a blog, and it was a little intimidating at times not knowing how people would respond to my posts. Overall, though, I think it has gone well this year, and I look forward to future posts! As for decisions, please remember that no matter what the decision is today for you (or your student), life will still move on, freshman year will be great at whatever college you decide to attend, and you will have some amazing experiences over the next four years. Remember to take advantage of all the opportunities that await you in college, from studying in Kenya, joining the Rugby team, or discussing your future over a cup of coffee with your favorite professor. I will be putting up three posts later today for the three decision groups (admit, deny, wait-list), along with some advice and a place for you to comment. Please remember that I will be moderating the comments, so make sure they do not contain things that would cause them to be deleted. And lastly, GO DAWGS!

Similarities Between Sherlock Holmes And Buddhism

Perhaps the most widely referenced hero in popular Western culture is Sir Conan Arthur Doyle’s fictional consulting detective, Sherlock Holmes. Holmes is known for using his abilities of deduction in order to derive the truth from details that, while at first glance seem insignificant, are in actuality the most vital. However, while Sherlock is often characterized as being an unemotional, calculating, and purely logical detective, there is literary proof that seems to suggest that he may also be a deeply spiritual man. Through Sir Conan Arthur Doyle s short stories of the man with the â€Å"long grey travelling-cloak† and the â€Å"close-fitting cloth cap,† the reader will be presented with evidence that shows how Holmes both does and does not†¦show more content†¦He even tells Watson that â€Å"[t]here is a danger there—a very real danger to humanity. Consider, Watson, that the material, the sensual, the worldly would all prolong [humanityâ€⠄¢s] worthless lives† (The Adventure of the Crooked Man, 1893). In this statement, Sherlock acknowledges the first and second noble truth, that all of humanity is suffering and that suffering is caused by desire, when he says that the worthlessness and hence eventual suffering comes from the desire of material, sensual, and worldly goods. However, Sherlock in his statement, he also recognizes that this suffering may never cease when he continues by saying, â€Å"[w]hat sort of cesspool may not our poor world become?† (The Adventure of the Crooked Man, 1893). This goes in contrary to the third noble truth which says that desire and craving, and hence suffering, may come to an end because Holmes recognizes that desire and craving are all a part of human life. Therefore, since Sherlock implies that humanity is in a â€Å"cesspool† that cannot get beyond its desire for the material, the physical and the worldly, he is adopting a rather pessimistic view of humanity th at, based on the Buddha’s earliest teachings, would be incompatible with Buddhist beliefs. Nevertheless, the detective may still yet be the Buddha figure that he was earlier claimed to be. While it may be strange to call a fictional character a

A Field Project For Our Business And Society Class By...

INTRODUCTION: As part of a final field project for our Business and Society class, group # 2, with the purpose to gain awareness into significant corporate social responsibility challenges in our community, where business can make a positive impact and difference, have agreed to volunteer for a non-governmental non-profit organization named: â€Å"La Ventana de los Cielos†. â€Å"La Ventana†, as it is regularly called, was created in 2005. The basis of this foundation is to promote, advocate and protect the right of children and adolescents with special abilities to a wholesome physical and intellectual development within their condition, based on zoo-interaction, aqua-experience and equestrian activities. FUNDATION’S BEGINING: The Foundation was started by the singer/song writer Ricardo Montaner and Marlene Rodrà ­guez Miranda, supported by their children Ricky, Mauricio and Evaluna in 2005. The Foundation counts with a Board with members of international experience. The Foundation, with its base in Homestead, near Miami, was started in 2005 and initiated its programs in May 2006. Since 2008, the Foundation has expanded the scope of its work, to also include advocacy, as a voice for persons with special abilities, in collaboration with various institutions. The Foundation relies entirely on voluntary contributions. FUNDATION’S MISSION STATEMENT: The Window of Heaven Foundation will promote, advocate and protect the right of children with special abilities to a wholesome physical and

What aspects of language, if any, are innate Free Essays

Introduction Human language is a remarkable symbolic communication system through which knowledge, belief, and behavior can be experienced and shared. The number and variety of human languages in the world is stunning – there are thought to be around 7,000 distinct languages. Human language is flexible, meanings can be changed and new symbols created. We will write a custom essay sample on What aspects of language, if any, are innate? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Humans speak a variety of different languages, and children appear to learn language effortlessly just from hearing it from their environment. By a very young age children can normally command their native language with great fluency and accuracy. Across cultures there is a universal pattern of language development in children. Children produce their first word sometime at the end of their first year. After this language acquisition appears to happen rather fast – normally developing children master language with a speed that makes learning it in an empirical sense unlikely. However does the fact that all humans exhibit certain behaviour prove that that it is innate rather than learned? Learning a language requires, amongst other things, learning the phonology (sound patterns), the lexicon (the words), as well as the rules of syntax, all of which can vary substantially across languages. This essay will attempt to understand just how much of language is innate by analyzing various aspects of language and looking at evidence from studies on language innateness. According to Chomsky (1980) there is not enough information in the child’s environment to facilitate all necessary learning. This so-called â€Å"poverty of the stimulus† led to the idea that there is an innate knowledge that serves as a starting point for learning the language. From their birth infants begin engaging in communication with their parents and siblings and listen to their speech. The child will unconsciously recognise which kind of a language they are using and will ‘set the parameters’ of a correct grammar. Infants use these principles and parameters to guide their perception of speech. The child senses that some words refer to objects and some to actions and that there is a distinctive set of rules for ordering words in a sentence. Chomsky referred to this innate mechanism as ‘Language Acquisition Device’ (LAD). LAD helps infants to pick up the complex grammatical principles of their language and facilitates fast learning (Harley, 2008). Evidence supporting the existence of LAD comes from that fact that all languages share a similar underlying â€Å"deep structure† of grammar – Universal grammar as Chomsky called it. Universal grammar provides a set of basic grammatical rules that are common in all natural languages, which explains how children acquire and master their language in a brief time period. For example all languages have words for â€Å"water† and â€Å"food† because all people need to refer to water and food. All language use nouns and verbs, have prefixes and suffixes and use a certain type of word order. Syntax comprises rules for how words are combined into sentences. If syntax was innate in us all, then teaching language would be merely the process of making conscious what was held in a level of subconsciousness the whole time and we should be able to learn language at any time. According to Chomsky Universal grammar is the basis upon which all human languages are built (Harley, 2008). Children do not simply copy the language that they hear from their environment. They deduce rules and they use to these rules to produce sentences that they have never heard before. The abstract representations of grammatical rules are language universals. Some universals might be part of the innate component of the grammar or the cognition. Languages evolve so they are easy to understand. Linguistic universals are features that can be found in all languages. They include categories of syntax, semantics and phonology. Semantics refers to the meaning of language. Chomsky viewed all semantic notions as innate. This means that even novel concepts were considered to have been latent in some sense. If children assume that semantic and syntactic categories are related they can use semantic properties of words and phrases to analyze the rules of their language and form associations between semantics and syntax. For example, a child can infer that a word that refers to a person, place or thing is a noun, the word describing an action is a verb and so on (Harley, 2008). Some view that a large dictionary (lexicon) is needed before one can understands syntax. When starting to speak children begin with simple lexical items for people, food, toys and animals. As they get older their lexicon grows in complexity. From a historical perspective lexicon undergoes its own evolution – unused words die out and new expressions are added. New words are invented to describe novel concepts and foreign words are borrowed from other languages. For instance terms such as ‘texting’ and ’apps’ were not in general use two decades ago but they are commonly present in our lexicon now. One of the criticisms of Chomsky’s theory is that he relies upon children’s intuitions as to what is right or wrong in language- but it is not clear that all people will make the same judgements, or that their judgements actually reflect the way people use the language. Chomsky also appears to reduce language to its grammar. By ignoring social context and meaning he neglects the importance of particular cultural and historical frameworks in which the child learns his first language. Pinker supports Chomsky’s view that syntax is innate. According to Pinker children are equipped with innate syntactic categories that allow them to understand that nouns refer to objects and verbs refer to actions. On top of this, children are predisposed to induce rules. Children are also innately capable of linking rules to semantic categories of thematic roles. Although the child might not know syntactic rules they able to distinguish the words in simple spoken sentences. If the child knows the surface structure of a sentence and the meaning of the sentence it can infer the underlying structure. This is known as ‘semantic bootstrapping’ (Harley, 2008). Goldin-Meadow (2003) studied deaf children in the United States and Taiwan who communicated with gestures rather than conventional sign languages. Goldin-Meadow discovered that in the absence of recognized sign language children developed complex sentence structures on their own without having to learn them first from their parents. Further evidence that there is biological drive to develop syntax comes from studies of a community of deaf children in Nicaragua. In 1981, a school for deaf children was opened in Nicaragua. The children were not initially taught a sign language, but they began developing a system of gestures helping them to communicate with one another. Over time a sophisticated sign language developed. This evidence suggests that children can instinctively break information down into independent units and then flexibly put them back together to form more sophisticated utterances with a wider range of meanings. This implies that basics of language are part of the innate gift (Kegl, Senghas and Coppola, 1999) and supports Chomsky‘s idea that children are born with an innate sense of grammar and syntax. Studies of pidgin and creole languages (Bickerton, 1981) support an idea of innate drive to learn syntax. Pidgin are basic languages invented to allow communication between speakers of different languages. Creole is the language of the children of pidgin speakers. Creole utilizes the vocabulary derived from pidgin, but has its own complex syntax and morphology. Creole speaking children were capable of creating an entirely new language from the bits and pieces of information taken from pidgin. This suggests that there was a starting point for all of today’s languages. In a course of time, languages then evolved under different circumstances and hence are different today. Recent research by Dunn et al. (2011) contradicts Chomsky’s theory that there is set of universal rules, applicable to all languages. Dunn et al. were interested in exploring the evolution of word-orders across different languages. They analysed over 300 languages belonging to different language families including Indo-European and Austronesian. They found that word orders from different language families evolve differently. For instance, some languages place the verb at the beginning of the sentence and some at the end of the sentence. Dunn et al concluded that syntax is determined more by the historical and cultural context in which a language develops than by universal factors. These results indicate that different processes occur in different language families. And how about the phonetics of languageEach language consists of hundreds of phonemes (sounds). Distinguishing between these sounds allows us to recognize and identify subtle differences in dialects and accents and see beyond the obvious meaning of words. Using the High Amplitude Sucking Technique, Eimas et al. (1971) showed that in the first few months of life, babies reliably discriminate many different phonemes, whether or not they occur in their language. Infants one and four months old could discriminate between ‘ba’ and ‘pa’ sounds. At the age of nine months the infants were able to discriminate virtually all phonetic contrasts presented to them. Eimas et al concluded that the ability to distinguish phonemes must be innate as it would appear unlikely that the infant could have learned to categorise phonemes at such a young age. In order to investigate whether human ability to distinguish between different phonemes is innate Golestani (2011) used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare the brain structures of seventeen phoneticians against sixteen control participants. Findings showed a brain area involved in speech production and analysing and distinguishing speech sounds correlates with the amount of time spent analysing phonemes. The shape of the left auditory cortex was also different between expert phoneticians and controls. These findings suggest that a person’s ability to successfully distinguish between phonemes could stem from birth. Our bodies, particularly throats and brains, appear to be adapted and specialised to the tasks of language. Our vocal cords and ears allow us to perceive and use language. Language production and comprehension are complex tasks, involving various brain areas. Certain regions in the brain appear to be specialized for commanding language tasks, such as Wernicke’s area for language comprehension and Broca’s area for language production. Lesions to certain regions of the brain cause distinctive language problems – aphasias – these are in the same area the same across species. This supports the view that language localization in the brain is innate. Specific Language Impairment (SLI) is a disorder in which language falls below person’s mental age without an accompanying brain damage. An example is a case of an English family in which a type of hereditary impairment was observed that only affects certain morphemes with other aspect of language and cognition being unaffected. However more comprehensive studies showed that the participating family members suffer from a number of other deficits inside and outside of language (Harley, 2008). Noam Chomsky claims that certain parts of the human brain have purposefully evolved to enable language production and comprehension. The opposing view is that language simply utilizes brain structures that were already present before the actual development of language. According to Ralph-Axel Mueller (1996) the specialization of certain regions of the brain for language processing is the result not the cause of language development and it cannot be concluded that higher brain functions are innate. One reason for innateness theories to be seriously considered is that human species is the only one that possesses language. In numerous studies effort has been made to teach animals (mostly primates) language. Chimpanzees like Washoe and Sarah have been trained to acquire sign language. Most impressive of all was a bonobo named Kanzi. Through training Kanzi had acquired vocabulary of 200 symbols and was able to construct very basic sentences consisting of few words. Compared with other chimps, Kanzi’s achievements were striking, but they were still far away from abilities of human children. The results of other studies have been similar – primates needed long and intensive training and were only able make simple constructions at the end (Fodor, Bever Garett 1974). Chomsky explains these findings through the presence of an innate ability for language acquisition in human children. It is the lack of the LAD what makes it difficult for primates to learn language. Pragmatics is a theory of appropriate language use in context, it studies how people comprehend and produce language and engage in a conversation. It considers the participants’ knowledge about phenomena such as social distance, relationship between the speakers and cultural knowledge. Language is easy for humans to learn to produce and understand but this is not exclusively because our brains embody knowledge of language but also because language has adapted to us. It is difficult to distinguish whether language has evolved to fit the human brain or vice versa. Languages that are problematic for humans to learn would struggle to come into existence at all. Language helps to shape our thoughts and emotions, builds friendships and ties and connects us to a particular culture or nation. For years, psychologists, linguists and biologists have been analyzing language and its structures and they been fascinated by an idea that there exists a universal innate basis of all languages which has been programmed into our brains. According to Chomsky, humans have an innate potential for language. However evidence from Dunn et al. suggests that language is not completely specified in human minds from birth and that the influence of culture needs should be considered. Language is a constantly developing mechanism guided by pragmatic responses to cultural and historical needs. Humans across the world speak different languages which differ in their rules and complexity. One of the possible explanations of structural similarities between languages across the world is that all languages attempt to communicate essentially the same semantic information. Perhaps future research could shed more light into this area. Based on the presented evidence we can conclude that complete language innateness is impossible. There is an innate predisposition to learn language, such as brain localization and the complexity of human vocal tract. There is also some innateness to specific aspects of language such as syntax and phonetics, however infants are not born knowing a language, they are biologically equipped to learn it easily. Children are eager learners and they discover grammar rules during the course of growing up in a community. Children with French genes do not find French any easier than English, they simply learn the language they are exposed to. The role of the social environment, particularly infant’s connection with the caregivers and intention in infant communication cannot be ignored. References Bickerton, D (1981). Roots of Language. Karoma Publishers. Chomsky, N. (1980). Rules and representations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Dunn M., Greenhill S., Levinson S., Gray R. (2011). Evolved structure of language shows lineage-specific trends in word-order universals. Nature. Advance online publication. doi:10.1038/nature09923. Eimas, P.D., Siqueland, E.R., Jusczyk, P.W., Vigorito, J. (1971). Speech perception in infants. Science 171 (968): 303–306. Fodor, J., Bever, T. Garrett, M. (1974). The Psychology of Language. New York: McGraw-Hill. Goldin-Meadow. S. (2003). The Resilience of Language: What Gesture Creation in Deaf Children Can Tell Us About How All Children Learn Language, Psychology Press, a subsidiary of Taylor Francis, New York. Golestani, N., Price, C.J., Scott, S. K. (2011). Born with an ear for dialectsStructural plasticity in the ‘expert’ phonetician brain. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31(11), 4213-4220. Harley, T. A. (2008). The Psychology of Language: From data to theory (3rd. ed.) Hove: Psychology Press. Kegl J., Senghas A., Coppola M. (1999). Creation through contact: Sign language emergence and sign language change in Nicaragua. Comparative Grammatical Change: The Intersection of Language Acquisition, Creole Genesis, and Diachronic Syntax, pp. 179–237. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Muller, R.-A. (1996) Innateness, autonomy, universalityNeurobiological approaches to language. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 19, 611-675 How to cite What aspects of language, if any, are innate?, Essay examples

Was the New Deal A Success Essay Example

Was the New Deal A Success Essay 1) People supported Roosevelt in 1932 election because he was positive, energetic and made the American people feel good. He was full of good news, or at least how good things would be if he were to be elected. He made it out to be a crusade, and not just one for him, one for the people. He almost made them feel that they were electing themselves, not Franklin. D. Roosevelt. He promised the Americans a new deal. He really made the American people believe that he was going to make everything all right again. They trusted him greatly. Another reason for him getting elected was because of the opposition. The opposition was Hoover. Many Americans felt he was to blame to the depression, and to top it all he wasnt even acknowledging that there was actually a problem. People werent going to vote for someone who had made their lives awful, probably the only votes he did get was from the rich industrialists, whom he had helped. Hoover just put forward the argument that businesses work in cycles of boom and bust and that prosperity would soon return. That was his solution to the problem. He didnt help the people who needed help, he didnt believe social security was the responsibility of the government. Many Americans felt he was heartless. We will write a custom essay sample on Was the New Deal A Success specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Was the New Deal A Success specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Was the New Deal A Success specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Roosevelt was the complete opposite to Hoover. He believed in an active government, he had plans to spend money on the needy, and he was more than happy to ask for advice, unlike Hoover who felt he knew best. Roosevelt was a man of the people, the people choice, he filled them with hope, and anything was better than the alternative. 2) The photo is of a line of black people queuing for government relief on front of a poster made by the government. The poster is of a white family driving in a car all smiles, with the slogan Theres no way like the American way. The photographer is trying to show the hypocrisy of the government. In those days the blacks had life a lot worse then the whites. The depression hit them extremely hard. In 1937 there was a recession. This damaged Roosevelt badly. A lot more republicans got into congress, making it harder for him to get his bills through, and people were losing faith in him. He also laid of a lot people who his organizations employed a lot of them were black workers. The photographer is also trying to make the point of there being very little racial equality in America hes pretty much calling the government racist (black people in front of a white mans poster). 3) Source E is a Cartoon from an American newspaper. It shows Roosevelt working a pump to get the economy going again. Into the pump he keeps pouring millions of the taxpayers money. The pump is also very leaky. This cartoon isnt really for Roosevelt. Its saying that hes wasting millions of dollars of the taxpayers money. The cartoonist is saying that Roosevelt is doing a bad job, hes wasting taxpayers money trying to get the economy going again. The cartoonist is possibly a republican, and hes definitely not a fan of Roosevelt. The taxpayer is holding all the money too, showing that hes holding the burden of the nation too. This could make the cartoonist a rich taxpayer too. Source F is a cartoon showing Roosevelt with a rubbish bin. The caption is Getting rid of the rubbish. In the bin he is throwing out all of Hoovers principles, everything he said. Its got rugged individuals, a car in every garage, a pot of chicken, and a sign saying prosperity is just around the corner. There is a man (who is meant to be Hoover) and hes walking around the corner towards prosperity looking at a timetable. This cartoon is for Roosevelt. It shows how hes throwing out everything Hoover stood for, all the unrealistic targets that Hoover had, especially with the way the American economy was. Hes also thrown out the sign that says prosperity is just around the corner. Its saying that Hoover was always saying that. He was always hoping, never taking action, unlike Roosevelt whom was taking action by throwing out the rubbish and the bad in America. Its definitely anti Hoover. Source G is another cartoon showing an old man and woman. The old man is meant to be the American public, the old woman congress, and the doctor Roosevelt. Roosevelt is issuing new remedies to the old man. On the table next to the old man are loads of bottles labeled with all the organizations he set up for the new deal. Roosevelt is saying Of course we may have to change the remedies if we dont get results. I think that this cartoon is both for and against Roosevelt. I feel it is pro Roosevelt because its showing him trying to help. It shows he wants to help, and it putting a lot of effort and time in to helping. I feel it is against Roosevelt though because it is saying hes taking too long over it. He hasnt got a clearly defined plan to get America out of the depression, he just keeps changing it and hoping something will work. Congress is depicted as an old woman purely because an old woman is something that can easily be taken advantage of. Theyre frail and weak. Roosevelt uses congress to get his bills through with no problem, congress is a pushover, but thats because its made mostly from democrats. I feel somebody neutral probably drew it, as he tries to show both sides of the argument, for and against Roosevelt. 4) I feel that both are useful sources in telling us about public opinion towards the new deal, but I feel source I is probably more informative and more of the real public opinion less biased. I feel Source I is more useful because it is from a popular song. Everybody was singing it. Also what is said in the song is backed up by other reports too. Its not praising the New Deal, saying its amazing, but it is saying that its helping people and things are better. The song is what the people were thinking, how they felt about Roosevelt. He got them working again, he got them their wages, and he made them feel better about life. Roosevelts supporters wrote source H. It was used as part of his election campaign, and is quite clearly going to be biased. Bits of what is said can be backed up by other sources, but most of it is glorified to help make Roosevelt sound wonderful. 5) The main differences between Sources J and K are that Source J saying that. Roosevelt was hurting people by giving. He was taking away their prowess. A quote from the source says He didnt understand that when you give to people, you hurt them. This man is clearly stating that he feels The New Deal was a bad thing it made self respecting men into nothing. It diminished them if you like, Welfare kills a mans initiative. A dog you feed will not hunt. He feels the New Deal was almost making him out to be some kind of loser. Source K on the other hand said that Roosevelt was helping the American people. It was saying how he was a real bonus to their lives. The New Deal meant that ordinary people would have a better chance in life. Source K also said that people should be left to hunt for themselves, they should make something of themselves, not live of handouts, because after a while you become too dependent on the handouts and cant fend for yourself properly anymore. Source K however contradicts this once again by saying that the handouts were a good thing, and they were helping the people recover, and making their lives better, The idea was that all the forces of the community should be directed to making life better for ordinary people. Source K was written by Roosevelts Secretary of Labour. Because she worked for Roosevelt she was of course going to be slightly biased. She was also a member of the government anyway, so she would have agreed with their policies (well, most of them). She also wouldnt have been one of the people hit hard by the depression, so she would have more of an objective, non egotistic, view on things, and also maybe a bit of sympathy for them. 6) I agree with both the quotes, although I feel the second one is probably the truer of the two. I agree with the first because the New Deal did help many Americans. It didnt give them all self-respect but it certainly helped them to survive and get back on their feet. It did also give some people, not all, a boost in confidence. An American historian wrote source B in 1945. One things he says to back up what was said in the first quote are, What, then, are the major achievements of the New Deal? First comes the restoration of self-confidence. Source I has a line in the song which goes Hes got things in full sway, were all working and getting our pay. Those two quotes back up what is said in the first quote. I agree with the second quote more however mainly because of the last statement, It did not solve all Americas economic problems the Second World War did that. When the second world happened once again Europe was short of supplies. They needed goods which they could not get any more due to not being able to import them, or just not being able to produce them themselves. As America stayed out the war until the end it was able to supply these countries with goods, thus boosting trade dramatically. If the Second World War hadnt happened America would have taken many years longer to fully recover from the depression after all, it was the First World War that led to the boom in the first place, so obviously another world war would have the same effect. Source C says how if the Second World War hadnt happened then Roosevelt would have been in real trouble, The was rescued him and he seized on it like a drowning man. The are also sources to back up what is said earlier on in the quote. Source E for example shows how money is being wasted via a cartoon. Admittedly the cartoon is probably a bit biased, but at the same time it was clear from other sources and comments made from the time that many people felt that Roosevelt was wasting money on needless things. Source C also clearly backs this up. It says how before Roosevelt came into power there was a national debt of $19 billion, and after hed made his mark there was a debt of $250 billion. The government also may have become too powerful. Because of all the organizations it had formed, it was employing hundreds of thousands of Americans itself. This in turn meant it was paying these people too. So the government had a hand in everyones pocket if you like. They had control over the peoples money. Source C also says how 1 in 4 Americans relied on the government for employment. More evidence suggesting that Roosevelt had a little too much control. I feel Source C is a fairly reliable source too as it was written by a historian and he had many more facts, and more of an objective view. From this I feel that the New Deal was a success, but only at first. At first Roosevelt quickly helped many people by getting them jobs and helping them to survive. Unfortunately he may have gone too far with this and had too much control. He didnt really encourage his people to fend for themselves enough and in the end America became dependent on itself, not its people. Roosevelt ended up leaving the country with a huge national debt and if the Second World War hadnt happened I feel that Roosevelt would have kept pumping money into the schemes till America really was struggling and everything came back in his face. I think that these two people disagree about the New Deal purely because of who actually wrote them. Source J was written by a self made, proud, businessman. He had a lot of pride. Hed worked to get somewhere. When Roosevelt just started handing out money to people like him he didnt like it. He saw almost as an insult. He felt he didnt need it, he was able to find money and work for himself, and after all he was a proud man who was capable even in the middle of a depression. He felt people should fend for themselves, not live on handouts, he didnt like it one bit. It was almost as if Roosevelt giving him money was damaging his ego, it made him feel like he was being seen as a failure, when he felt he wasnt and that he could sort it out himself. It made him feel small.